Chapter 10, 36, & 39 Test Hints

As always, know my lectures really well-Photosynthesis 1,2,3, Photoperiodism, and Plant Biology 1 & 2.

I recommend reading the Cliffs Note Book (chp 5 & chp 12). I like my illustrations better but the text is good and it is another way of seeing the information. The chp 5 quiz is awesome. Take it to see how much you know. Read the answers in detail. In the Cliffs Note Book chp 12 only look over the material that corresponds to my plant biology 1 & 2 lectures (ignore "fruit ripening," "plant responses to abiotic stimuli," and "plant responses to biotic stimuli."

Know the summary of photosynthesis well (figure 10.19). Know the basic equation.

Know the anatomy of the chloroplast. Know where the light reaction occurs. Know where the dark reaction occurs. Know why chlorophyll is named P700 or P680.

Know why the chloroplasts have a thylakoid. What is the purpose of the space inside the thylakoid, e.g. what builds up inside the thylakoid (called the thylakoid space) and why does it build up?

Know what chemiosmosis is and how a proton gradient is established. Know where this occurs in the cell (see figure 10.15). Compare this with how it works in cellular respiration (see figure 10.14).

Know what is unique about cyclic electron flow (figure 10.13)

Know what molecules are produced as a result of non-cyclic electron flow (non-cyclic photophosphorylation).

Remember that the most famous enzyme is rubisco. Know its other name- ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase. Know that the enzyme used in C4 plants has a greater affinity for CO₂ than ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, it is called PEP carboxylase.

It is critical you understand C4 and CAM Plants. There are a number of questions on this topic. Know why C4 and CAM plants exist, e.g. why aren’t all plants just the average C3 plant? Know the different strategies for dealing with the C3 problem. Know about mesophyll cells, bundle sheath cells in C4 plants and know the reactions in C4 plants and why they occur (figure 10.17). Figure 10.18 is a good summary of the differences between C4 and CAM plants. The Cliffs Note book is very good on this too.

It is critical you understand photorespiration. What is it? How does it work? How have plants evolved to minimize it? Know about the battle of the enzymes: ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco) versus PEP carboxylase.

Know how the stomata are able to open and close? (Cliffs Notes Book page 182-183 and page 706-707 in book + figure 36.11)

Know how water moves through a plant. What is the name of the process? How does it work? Know the names of the cells and tissues associated with it.Be able to explan the process in a logical way. What drives the process intially? What important idea from chapter 3 helps explain how this process works? When water leaves the plant through the stomata, what is this called?

Know how sugar moves through a plant. What is the name of the process? How does it work?
Know the names of the cells and tissues associated with it.

Understandthe basics of photoperiodism. What is meant by a short night plant and a long night plant? How does the process work? Be able to describe the mechanism of Pr and Pfr and how the levels drive this process (the phytochromes). Be sure to understand the nuances of red and far red light and how this works.

Good luck.