Chapter 17 Quiz Hints #1

The quiz will be on Lecture #1 so know Lecture #1 really well.  

1. Know the basics of the Beadle and Tatum Experiment (don't worry about the deatils in FR #1 for the quiz)

a. What did they discover?

b. What organism did they use?

c. What are the basics of how they made their discovery?

a. What was the big idea that Beadle and Tatum discovered and won them the Nobel Prize in the late 1950’s?

2. Know about the human genome.

a. How many pairs of chromosomes?

b. How many genes were found as a result of the Human Genome Project (approximately)?

c. How many proteins are found in humans (approximately)?

d. If the collection of genes in an organism is called the “genome” what is the collection of proteins called?

3. Be able to describe the three steps of protein synthesis in eukaryotes. Know that prokaryotes have two steps of protein synthesis. Why is this different than eukaryotes?

a. Be able to name the three steps

b. Give a brief description of what happens at each step

c. Describe where the step happens (in the cell)

4. The Genetic Code

a. How many different nucleotides are found in DNA?

b. How many different amino acids exist?

c. How many nucleotides code for one amino acid?

d. How many total codons exist in the genetic code?

e. When the experts say the genetic code is “redundant” what are they talking about?

f. What is the start codon found in organisms? What amino acid does it code for?

g. If some of the codons code for the same amino acid, which nucleotide is always the one that is different for these codons?