Proteins Quiz Hints

1. How many genes are in the human genome? How many proteins in the human proteome?

2. Be able to list at list 5 of the 7 functions of proteins- with examples- that I mentioned in lecture (there are many, many more than just these).

3. Be able to draw the chemical formula of the simplest amino acid. Identify the two different functional groups (Wow, aren’t you glad you know your functional groups!!).

4. How many different amino acids are found in living things?

5. Why are “R” groups important? What are the three ways they are classified?

6. When two amino acids combine they go through a special kind of reaction.
a. What is the name of the reaction called?
b. What is the name of the bond that is formed as a result of this reaction?
c. When a number of amino acids combine what is the name of the polymer? (there are three different names that can be used)

7. What is primary structure of a protein?

8. Secondary Structure
a. What kind of bond is responsible for secondary structure?
b. Describe how this bond forms. Be sure to mention what three atoms are most commonly responsible for this bond in living systems.

9. What two shapes result are classified as secondary structure?

10. Tertiary Structure
a. What part of the protein is primarily responsible for tertiary structure?
b. What kinds of bonds are primarily responsible for tertiary structure?

11. Quaternary Structure
a. What is quaternary structure?
b. Name a famous molecule found in tendons, bones, ligaments, and skin which is based on quaternary structure. Describe its structure.
c. Name the famous molecule found in red blood cells which is based on quaternary structure. Describe its structure.

12. Denaturing
a. What is denaturing?
b. Describe two ways to denature a protein.

13. Who discovered the alpha helix structure of proteins?